Tarihin Rayuwar Imam Muslim Da Rasuwar Shi

Cikakken sunansa Abu Al-Husayn Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj bin Muslim bn Ward bin Kushadh Al-Qushairy An-Naysabur. Imamu Muslim ana kallonsa a matsayin kwararre a fannin Hadisi. Yana daya daga cikin manyan malamai kuma masu haddace hadisan Manzon Allah (S.A.W.) da Hadisansa. Tarin Hadisinsa “Sahih Muslim” ana daukarsa a matsayin daya daga cikin ingantattun littattafan Hadisi guda biyu, tare da Sahihul Bukhari.

Haihuwar Imam Muslim da Farkon Rayuwarsa

An haifi Imam Muslim a shekara ta 202 bayan hijira (817 miladiyya) ko kuma 204 bayan hijira (819 miladiyya) ko kuma 206 bayan hijira (821 miladiyya) a Nishapur, lardin Abbasid na Khurasan (a halin yanzu da ke Iran). Ya kasance daga wata ƙabilar Larabawa mai daraja da ake kira ‘Qushair’, a cikin iyali na ilimi da kyawawan dabi’u, mahaifinsa ya kasance mai yawan hidima ga da’irar ilimi kuma madaidaiciya, kuma a garin da yake cike da ilimin Musulunci, Abu Al-Husayn Muslim ya taso kan ilimi. Ya fara tafiyar iliminsa tun yana karami, kamar yadda Imam Adh-Dhahaby yake cewa:

"Farkon karatun Hadisinsa ya kasance a shekara ta 218 bayan hijira a karkashin Yahya bn Yahya At-Tamimi, kuma yayi aikin Hajji a shekara ta 220 bayan hijira yana da gemu."

Yana nufin a lokacin yana da shekara 12 ko kasa da haka a lokacin da ya halarci da’irar Hadisi.

Neman Ilimin Imam Muslim

Imam Muslim ya fara koyon Hadisi a wajen malamai a garinsu Nishapur, sannan ya fara doguwar tafiye-tafiye na ilimi tun yana karami. As-Siyuti ya ce:

“Shi (Imam Muslim) yayi tafiya zuwa Basra yana dan shekara 14, sannan ya tafi Hijaz domin yin aikin Hajji da karatun Hadisi a wajen Imaman Hadisi na Makkah da Madina. Bayan haka, yayi tafiya zuwa Masar, Levant, Iraki, ya koma Ar-rayyi, sannan ya koma Khurasan. Ya kasance kimanin shekaru 15 yana neman ilimin Hadisi inda ya hadu da Shehunnan Malamai (Malaman Musulunci) da dama, ya kuma tattara hadisai sama da dubu 300,000.”

Ya tafi wadannan wurare fiye da sau daya ba tare da gajiyawa ko gajiya ba. A cikin wadannan rangadi, ya himmatu wajen neman ilimi, da bin diddigin maruwaitan Hadisi da kuma samun albarkar ilimi.

Malaman Imam Muslim

Imamu Muslim yayi karatu a gaban manya-manyan malaman Hadisi kuma ya ruwaito hadisai daga mutane marasa adadi. Daga cikin manyan malaman da Imamu Muslim ya ruwaito Hadisai daga cikinsu akwai:

Abdullahi bn Maslamah Al-Qanaby

Yahya ibn Yahya An-Naysabury

Qutaybah bn Sa’id

Said ibn Mansur

Imam Ahmed bn Hanbal

Ishaq ibn Rahuwayh

Abu Khaithamah Zuhair ibn Harb

Abu Kurayb Muhammad bn Al-Alaa

Abu Musa Mohammad bn Al-Muthanna

Muhammad bn Yahya Adh-Dhuhaly

Abu Muhammad bn Ismail Al-Bukhari (Imam Bukhari).

Abdullahi Ad-Darimi

Da sauran su.

An ruwaito cewa malamansa kusan 220 ne daga maruwaitan Hadisi. Ya raka Imam Bukhari, kuma hanyarsa ta yi masa tasiri wajen harhada Hadisai.

An ruwaito yana cewa Imamul Bukhari:

"Bari in sumbaci kafafunka, ya shugaban malamai, shugaban Muhaddithin (malaman Hadisi) kuma likitan ilmin Hadisi da gazawarsa."

Imam An-Nawawi ya ce:

“Shi (Muslim) ya karɓi Hadisi daga Yahya bn Yahya, Ishaq bn Rahuwayh da sauran su a Khurasan, kuma daga Muhammad bn Mahran Al-Jammal, Abu Ghassan da sauransu a cikin Ar-rayy, daga Ahmad bn Hanbal, Abdullahi bn Muslim Al-Qanabi da sauransu. Wasu kuma a Iraqi, daga Said bn Mansur, da Abu Musab da sauran su a Hejaz, daga Amr bn Suwad, da Harmalah bn Yahya da wasunsu a Masar, da wasu da dama.

Daliban Imam Muslim

Imam Muslim ya koyar da Hadisi a Nishapur kuma da yawa daga cikin dalibansa sun shahara kuma suka yi fice a fagen Hadisi. Amma almajiransa sun yi yawa. Daga cikinsu akwai:

Ali bn Al-Hasan bn Eisa Al-Hilali

Muhammad bn Abdul-Wahhab Al-Farra

Al-Husain ibn Muhammad Al-Qabbani

Abu Eisa At-Tirmidhi

Abdullahi bn Yahya As-Sarkhasi Al-Qady

Ali bn Al-Husain Ar-Razi

Salih bn Muhammad Jazarah

Nasr bn Ahmed Al-Hafiz

Ibn Khuzaimah

Abu Uwanah

Abdur-Rahmadn bn Abu Hatim Ar-Razi

Da sauransu.

Littafan Imam Muslim

Bayan Sahihu Muslim, ya rubuta littafai da dama a kan Hadisi kuma mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu:

Al-Musnad As-Sahih (Sahih Muslim)

At-Tamiyiz

Kitab Al-`Ilal

Kitab Al-Wuhdan

Kitab Al-Afrad

Kitab Al-Aqran

Kitab Al-Mukhadramin

Kitab Awham Al-Muhaddithin

Kitab At-Tabaqat Littattafan da aka ambata wasu daga cikin muhimman ayyukan Imam Muslim ne ba cikakken jerin abubuwan da ya rubuta ba ne. Sahih Muslim na Imamu Muslim ana ganinsa yana kusa da Sahihul Bukhari daidai da inganci. Duk wani hadisin da Imam Bukhari da Imamu Muslim suka yarda da shi, to ana cewa da su “(an yi ijma’i akai)” kuma wadannan hadisai “(ijma’i a kansu)” ana ganin su ne mafi inganci kuma ingantattu.

Rasuwar Imam Muslim

Imam Muslim ya rayu shekara 55 kuma ya rasu a yammacin ranar Lahadi 24 ga watan Rajab shekara ta 261 bayan hijira (875 miladiyya).

Dangane da musabbabin rasuwarsa, Adh-Dhahabi ya ambata daga Ahmad bin Salamah cewa:

“An gudanar da taron ilimi da bita ga Abu Al-Husayn Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj (Imam Muslim) inda wani Hadisin da bai sani ba ya kasance, aka ambata. Ya je gida ya kunna fitilarsa ya ce wa wadanda ke gida: “Kada kowa ya shiga gidan (wato ya dame ni).” Aka ce masa: “An ba mu kyautar kwandon dabino.” Yace: “Ka fitar min,” Haka suka yi masa hidima. Sai ya fara neman Hadisi yana cin dabino a lokaci guda har safe, inda aka gama kwanukan ya samu Hadisin.

Muhammad bn Abdullah (daya daga cikin masu kawo wannan ruwayar) ya kara da cewa:

"Wani amintaccen abokin mu ya kara da cewa dabino ne sanadin mutuwarsa." (Ga Allah muke, kuma gare Shi za mu koma).

An yi jana’izarsa a ranar 25 ga watan Rajab, shekara ta 261 bayan hijira a Nishapur, Khurasan, Iran.

Yabon Imam Muslim

Muhammad bn Abdulwahhab Al-Farra ya ce:

"Muslim ya kasance daya daga cikin fitattun malamai da tasoshin ilimi."

Muhammad bn Bashshar ya ce:

“Masu haddace hadisai su hudu ne: Abu Zurah, Muhammad ibn Ismail Al-Bukhari, Ad-Darimi, da Muslim.

Al-Husain bn Ali An-Naysaburi ya ce:

"Babu wani littafi da ke qarqashin kololuwar sama wanda ya fi littafin Muslim bn Al-Hajjaj ingantattu a ilmin Hadisi."

Ahmad bn Salamah ya ce:

"Na ga Abu Zurah da Abu Hatim suna ciyar da Muslim bn Al-Hajjaj wajen sanin ingantattun Hadisai akan shehunansu (malaman zamaninsu).

Ibn Khalkan yace:

"Shine mawallafin Sahih, daya daga cikin manya-manyan haddar da manyan malaman Hadisi ne".

Ibn Al-Jawzi ya ce:

"Shi babban malamin Hadisi ne kuma daya daga cikin tasoshin ilimi."

Sadi bn Hasan Alqanuji yace:

"Imam Muslim bn Al-Hajjaj Al-Qushairy Al-Baghdadi yana daya daga cikin fitattun malaman Hadisi kuma masu ilmin Hadisi, shi ne shugaban Khurasan a ilimin Hadisi mai bin Bukhari."

Allah ne mafi sani!

Ga Allah muke neman dacewa.