Rayuwar Annabi Muhammad S.A.W A Madina, Makka Da Rasuwar Shi

Musulman Madina sun yi matukar farin ciki da tarbar Annabi Muhammad tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi da sahabbansa. Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi da farko ya sayi wani fili a Madina ya aza harsashin ginin wani masallaci mai suna Masjid Nabawi (Masallacin Annabi).

Muminai a Madina sun bada cikakken hadin kai da taimako ga Annabi da Sahabbansa. Annabi ya kira su Ansar (Masu Taimako).

Musulman Makka wadanda suka bar Makka saboda Allah, suka bar duk abin da suka mallaka, ana kiransu da Muhajirai (Masu hijira). Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya kulla alakar ‘yan uwantaka a ka’ida a tsakanin daidaikun mutane na kungiyoyin biyu: Ansar da Muhajirun.

Yakin Kare Musulunci

Da Quraishawa na Makka suka fahimci cewa musulmi suna kokarin kafa kansu a Madina, sai suka yanke shawarar kawar da Musulunci. An tilastawa musulmi yin yaki domin kare kansu. An ambaci wasu daga cikin waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe a ƙasa:

Yakin Badar

Wasu dakaru masu ƙarfi sama da 1000 mayakan Makka sun taso daga Makka don yakar Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama a wani wuri da ake kira Badar, kusa da Madina. Akwai musulmi 313 da basu da kayan yaƙi, kuma a cikin yaƙi mai tsanani, mutanen Makka sun yi hasarar mutane saba’in ciki har da kwamandansu, Abu Jahl; mafi girman makiyin Musulunci. Musulmi cikin ikon Allah Ta’ala sun yi nasara, sun kuma rasa mutum goma sha hudu a yakin.

Yakin Uhudu

Bayan shekara guda, mutanen Makka sun sake komawa kan hanyar Madina, domin daukar fansa a kan wulakanci suka samu a Badar. A wannan karon suna da runduna ta sojoji 3,000 tare da Abu Sufyan a matsayin shugabansu. Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya fita daga Madina tare da mutane kusan 1,000. Kafin ya isa Uhudu Abdullahi Bin Ubayyu ya ci amanar musulmi ya janye tare da mutanensa 300 ya bar mazaje 700 kacal tare da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama.

Da farko musulmi sun yi jarumtaka har mutanen Makka suka yi ta gudu. Ganin haka sai wasu gungun musulmi hamsin, wadanda aka nada su gadin wata mashigar dutse dake can baya, suka fara barin wurin su.

Khalid Bin Waleed, daya daga cikin kwamandojin Makkah, ya ga cewa akwai dama kuma fatawar ba ta kare ba. Bada jimawa ba, sai ya tara mutanensa masu gudu ya afkawa musulmi daga baya. Musulmi sun yi asara mai yawa. Hatta Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya ji rauni a lokacin da wani dutse da aka jefe shi ya karya masa hakoransa guda biyu, sai ya fadi sumamme, a cikin tarin musulmin da suke kwance matattu. Amma sojojin Makka sun kasa cimma hakikanin manufarsu na fatattakar musulmi, domin kuwa nan da nan sai musulmin da suka tarwatse suka taru a wurin manzon Allah mai tsira da amincin Allah. Sakamakon haka mutanen Makka suka bar fagen fama cikin takaici.

Yaƙin Khandaq

Mutanen Makka sun sake yin tattaki zuwa Madina, karkashin jagorancin Abu Sufyan. Akwai mutanen Makka 10,000 akan musulmi 3,000. A bisa nasihar Salman Farsiy (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi) Annabi mai tsira da amincin Allah ya umurci mutanensa da su tona wani ramin kariya mai tsawon kusan mil daya a budaddiyar gefen Madina.

Mutanen Makka sun yi mamakin shigowar su cikin garin da rami ya toshe. Suka yada zango a takaice daga cikin mahara kuma aka kewaye Madina wata daya. Sun ci gaba da yin yunƙurin ketare ramin, amma abin ya ci tura. A ƙarshe, taimakon Allah ya zo a cikin wani yanayi mai hadari, lokacin da iska mai zafi ta kashe wutar da ke gaban sansaninsu. Sun dauki hakan a matsayin wata mummunar alama wacce ta firgita su har suka fara barin wurin a firgice. Washe gari musulmi suka yi mamakin ganin fili babu kowa a daya gefen ramin.

Bai’at-e-Rizwan Yarjejeniya Hudaibiyah

A shekara ta 628 miladiyya Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam bayan ya gani a mafarki ya ziyarci dakin Ka’aba sai ya kuduri aniyar yin Umra. Ya bar Madina zuwa Makka, tare da sahabbansa kusan 1400. Ya sauka a Hudaibiyah, wani wuri kusa da Makka. Quraishawa, ba su yarda su bar musulmi su shiga Makka ba, sai suka aika da wata runduna mai karfi domin ta dakile musulmi.

Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya aiki Uthman Allah ya kara masa yarda a matsayin manzonsa zuwa ga Kuraishawa domin ya sanar da su cewa musulmi suna son yin umra ne kawai. Amma jita-jitar cewa Kuraishawa sun kashe Sayyidina Uthman, Allah Ya yarda da shi, ya dami Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi da Sahabbansa matuka. Ya zauna a gindin wata bishiya ya gayyaci sahabbansa don yin rantsuwa mai suna Bai’at-e-Rizwan. Dukkansu sun yi rantsuwar mika wuya kuma suka kuduri aniyar sadaukar da rayukansu domin addinin Musulunci.

Quraishawa kuwa da jin wannan alkawari suka zama masu sassaucin ra’ayi kuma aka cimma yarjejeniya na tsawon shekaru goma a tsakanin bangarorin biyu, wanda aka fi sani da Hudaibiya. Sharuɗɗan wannan tsagaitawar da alama sun kasance mai gefe ɗaya kuma da alama ma abin kunya ne ga musulmi. Amma a hakikanin gaskiya wannan ya share fagen samun nasara ta karshe a kan Makka.

Gayyatar Sarakuna Zuwa Musulunci

Bayan sulhun Hudaibiya, Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam ya aika da wasiku daga gare shi zuwa ga sarakuna daban-daban kamar: Heraclius, Sarkin Rum, Sarkin (Kisra) na Iran, Sarkin Masar, Najjashi, Sarkin Abyssinia, Sarkin Bahrain da sauran sarakuna da sarakunan kabilu da dama.

Ta wadannan wasiku ne aka gayyaci dukkan masu mulki domin su karbi Musulunci. Sarakuna da yawa, irin su Heraclius na Rum da Najjashi na Abyssinia sun nuna girmamawa sosai da fahimtar haruffa. Sarkin Bahrain ma ya karbi Musulunci. Akwai wasu sarakuna musamman Sarkin Iran wadanda suka karbi wadannan wasiku cikin tsananin girman kai da gaba. Ya tsaga wasikar gunduwa-gunduwa tare da bayar da umarnin a kamo Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama. Amma bada daɗewa ba ɗan nasa ya hambarar da shi kuma ya kashe shi, wanda ya soke waɗannan umarni.

Yakin Makkah

A shekara ta 629 miladiyya Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi tare da sahabbai kusan 2000 sun yi Umra a Makka kamar yadda yarjejeniyar Hudaibiya ta tanada. Sai dai a shekara ta gaba, Quraishawa sun yi mummunar sabawa yarjejeniyar Hudaibiya, ta hanyar kai hari kan Khuza’a, kabilar da ke kawance da musulmi. Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ba shi da wani zabi face yakar Quraishawa. A watan Janairu na shekara ta 630 miladiyya, ya zarce zuwa Makka da runduna mai yawan gaske na mutum 10,000, ya yada zango a wajen Makka.

Mutanen Makka sun firgita da labarin ci gaban Annabi. Da suka ji ba su da taimako, sai suka aika Abu Sufyan da wasu mutane biyu zuwa sansanin musulmi, don ganin ko za a iya yin shawarwari. Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya ba su damar kwana a sansanin. Abu Sufyan ya yi matukar burge shi da irin son da musulmi suke yi wa Annabi Muhammad tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ta yadda da fitowar rana shi da sahabbansa suka karbi Musulunci.

Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya yarda da shawarar Abu Sufyan na cewa mutanen Makka za su iya samun zaman lafiya idan ba su yi yaki ba. Da haka sojojin musulmi suka yi maci da nasara cikin Makka. Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya wuce kai tsaye zuwa dakin Ka’aba ya tsarkake ta daga dukkan gumaka. A nan ne ya karanta ayar Alkur’ani (17:82).

“Gaskiya ta zo kuma karya ta bace. Lallai karya ta gushe da sauri”.

Sai Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya yi jawabi ga mutanen Makkah ya kuma yi musu afuwa ga baki daya ya ce (12:93).

"Ba za a azabtar da ku a yau ba."

Wadannan su ne mutanen Makka wadanda suka yi mabiya ga Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam da suka wahalar da azabatarwa da gallazawa Annabi, amma duk da haka a wannan lokaci na nasara ya kasance mai yawan kyauta da yafe musu baki daya. Ta haka makiyansa suka zama mabiyansa na kwarai. Wannan babu shakka wani aiki ne na gafara na musamman a tarihin ɗan adam kuma yana nuna nasarar ƙauna akan ƙiyayya. Don haka Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya ci ba Makka kadai ba har ma da zukatan mutanen Makka.

Rasuwar Manzon Allah

A cikin kankanin lokaci, kusan dukkan kasashen Larabawa sun musulunta. A shekara ta 632 miladiyya Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya yi aikin hajjin Makkah wanda aka fi sani da Hajjatul Wida’ – hajjin bankwana. Ya gabatar da jawabi mai suna Jawabin bankwana, ga babban taron musulmi a kwarin Arafat. Wasu malaman tarihi sun ruwaito cewa musulmi kusan 124,000 ne suka halarta a wurin.

Kusan watanni biyu da yin Hajjin bankwana, Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya yi rashin lafiya. Bayan wasu kwanaki sai ya yi rauni ba zai iya zuwa sallah a masallaci ba. Sai ya umurci Sayyidina Abubakar, Allah Ya yarda da shi da ya limanci Sallah. Watarana Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya dan samu sauki. Yana tsaye bakin taga inda ya hango musulmi suna sallar asuba a bayan Sayyidina Abubakar, Allah ya kara masa yarda. Ya yi matukar farin ciki da ya ga da kansa cewa musulmi suna gudanar da ayyukansu bisa ga umarnin Ubangiji. Bada jimawa ba sai Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya hura qarshensa da cewa:

"Zuwa Maɗaukakin Sarki"

Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya kasance yana burge mabiyansa cewa shi ba komai ba ne face mutum ne da Allah ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi domin shiriyar mutane. Amma labarin rasuwarsa bai kasance ba face musiba mai ban tsoro ga musulmi. Wasu daga cikin makusantansa irin su Sayyidina Umar, Allah Ya yarda da shi, sun kasa yarda da hakan. Abu Bakr Allah Ya yarda a lokacin cewa lallai Annabi mai tsira da amincin Allah ya yi rasu (wafati), ta hanyar karanta ayar Alkur’ani mai zuwa (3:145).

“Kuma Muhammadu Manzo ne kawai, lalle ne manzanni sun shũɗe gabãnin shi. Idan kuma ya mutu ko aka kashe shi, za ku juya kan dugaduganku (ma'ana kafin Musuluncin ku)?”

An yi wa gawar Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama wanka aka shimfida a dakin Sayyida A’isha, Allah Ya yarda da ita, inda ya rasu. Washe gari mutanen Madina suka zo suka ziyarce ta, suna addu’a ga gawarsa. Da yamma ne aka gudanar da ibadar karshe, aka binne gawar a wani kabari da aka tona a dakin Hadhrat A’isha, a daidai wurin da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama ya cika. Daga baya kuma yayin da Sayyidina Abubakar Radhiyallahu Anhu ya rasu, aka binne shi a daki guda, sannan kuma lokacin da ya rasu, Sayyidina Umar Allah ya kara masa yarda.