Tarihin Mallam Aminu Kano

Aminu Kano wanda aka haifa a (9 Agusta 1920 — 17 Afrilu 1983), ɗan siyasan Musulmi ne daga Najeriya haifaffen Sudawa, karamar Hukumar Gwale kuma ya zauna a Gwammaja, karamar Hukumar Dala. A cikin shekarun 1940 ya jagoranci wani yunkuri na gurguzu a yankin arewacin kasar mai adawa da mulkin Birtaniya. Filin jirgin sama na Mallam Aminu Kano, da asibitin koyarwa na Aminu Kano, da kwalejin koyar da ilimin addinin musulunci ta Aminu Kano duk da ke Kano, an sanya masa suna. Dan uwa ne ga mahaifin tsohon shugaban kasa Murtala Mohammed, tsohon ministan tsaro Inuwa Wada da tsohon ministan harkokin waje Aminu Bashir Wali.

An haifi Aminu Kano a ranar 9 ga watan Agustan 1920 ga dangin wani malamin addinin Musulunci, Malam Yusufu, mufti a kotun Alkali da ke Kano, da kuma Rakiya. Mahaifinsa dan kabilar Gyanawa fulani ne, tsatson da ya shahara wajen samar da malaman shari’a yayin da mahaifiyarsa ta fito daga gidan Fulanin Borno na Mamman Zara wani Malamin addinin Musulunci, kakansa Hassan ya zauna a Yakasai cikin karamar hukumar Kano kuma hamshakin attajiri ne.

Aminu ya halarci Kwalejin Katsina, sannan ya wuce Jami’ar Landan, Cibiyar Ilimi, tare da Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. Ya samu takardar shedar koyarwa bayan ya kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin Katsina, daga nan kuma ya zama malami; ya fara koyarwa a kwalejin horar da malamai ta Bauchi.

A lokacin da yake Bauchi, ya yi magana kan al’amuran siyasa da walwala, ya kuma kara fadada iliminsa ta hanyar gudanar da wasu ayyuka na siyasa da ilimi fiye da aikin koyarwa. Misali, ya rubuta wata kasida mai cike da cece-kuce, ‘Kano, Karkashin Gudun Ma’aikatar Mulkin Kasa. A shekarar 1943 ya kafa kungiyar inganta ci gaban kasa ta Bauchi (BGIU) tare da Sa’adu Zungur da Balewa. Ita dai wannan kungiya ta samo asali ne daga kungiyar ‘Bauchi Discussion Circle’ wadda daga baya ayyukanta suka takure sakamakon harin da Aminu Kano ya kai wa mulkin kai tsaye. Ko da yake BGIU ba ta dadewa ba ana daukarta a matsayin jam’iyyar siyasa ta farko a arewacin Najeriya.

A shekarar 1948 ya zama shugaban cibiyar horas da malamai da ke Maru Sokoto, sannan kuma ya kasance sakataren kungiyar malamai ta Arewa. A wannan lokacin ya kafa wata kungiya don inganta makarantun kur’ani a arewa.

A lokacin yana Sakkwato ya zama dan jam’iyyar Mutanen Arewa, wata kungiyar al’adun Arewacin Najeriya wacce daga baya ta rikide zuwa jam’iyyar siyasa kuma ta zama babbar jam’iyya a Arewacin Najeriya a lokacin Jamhuriyyar Najeriya ta farko. Sai dai a shekarar 1950 ya jagoranci gungun matasa masu tsatsauran ra’ayi daga Jam’iyyar Mutanen Arewa, ya kafa kungiyar ‘Northern Elements Progressive Union’ (NEPU). Musamman ma, a shekarun baya, wani dan kabilar Igbira kuma dan kasuwa mai suna Habib Raji Abdallah ya kafa wata kungiya mai suna Northern Elements Progressive Association a Kano. An kafa kungiyar ne tare da tunanin siyasa na kishin kasa na Nnamdi Azikiwe. A shekarar 1949, an daure wasu kadan daga cikin magoya bayan Azikiwe ciki har da Abdallah, wanda ya kai ga wargajewar kungiyar.

Amma duk da haka sai ga wata sabuwar kungiya mai ci gaba karkashin jagorancin Aminu Kano wadda ta kunshi malamai masu kishin ci gaba da kuma wasu masu tsatsauran ra’ayi irin su Magaji Dambatta, Abba Maikwaru da Bello Ijumu, domin cike duk wani gibi na siyasa a yankin. Mambobin sun kasance suna da alaka da juna wajen nuna adawa da salon tafiyar da mulkin kasa a Arewacin Najeriya. A shekarar 1951, jam’iyyar ta tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na Kano, kuma ta samu nasara mai kyau. Sai dai da kafa jam’iyyar People’s Congress, Mallam Aminu ya fara fuskantar kalubale musamman a zabukan tarayya guda biyu. A shekarar 1954, Aminu Kano ya rasa kujerar majalisar wakilai ta tarayya a hannun Maitama Sule, sannan a 1956, ya kasa samun isashen kuri’un da ya kai ga samun kujerar dan majalisar dokokin yankin Arewa. Sai da zaben ‘yan majalisar dokoki na 1959 ya yi nasarar samun babbar kujera a yankin. Ya lashe zaben kujerar tarayya ta Kano ta Gabas a matsayin dan takarar NEPU, wanda tuni ya yi kawance da Majalisar Tarayyar Najeriya da Kamaru. Yayin da yake a majalisar wakilai ta tarayya, ya kasance mataimakin babban mai shari’a.

Bayan juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi wa jamhuriya ta farko. Daga baya Aminu Kano yayi aiki a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Janar Yakubu Gowon a matsayin kwamishinan lafiya na tarayya.

Bayan shekaru 12, gwamnatin mulkin soja a watan Satumbar 1978, ta dage haramcin shigar jam’iyyun siyasa. A cikin watannin da suka biyo baya ne aka fara samun sabbin jam’iyyu biyar: Jam’iyyar Jama’ar Najeriya, Jam’iyyar Unity Party of Nigeria da wasu uku. Daga cikin su akwai Jam’iyyar Fansa ta Jama’a karkashin jagorancin Aminu Kano, Michael Imoudu, S.G. Ikoku, da Edward Ikem Okeke, sauran ‘yan jam’iyyar sun hada da Abubakar Rimi, Sabo Bakin Zuwo, Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila, Umaru Musa Yar’adua, Sule Lamido da Ghali Umar. Na’Abba. Jam’iyyar ta karkata ne ga tsarin jama’a kuma ta samu goyon bayan fitattun shugabannin kwadago irin su Michael Imoudu. A shekarar 1979 jam’iyyar ta gabatar da Aminu Kano a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa amma ya kasa samun isashen kuri’u da zai iya lashe zaben. Duk da haka, jam’iyyar ta lashe kujerun gwamnoni biyu.

Aminu Kano ya shiga kungiyar Arewa Elements Progressive Union a matsayin dandalin siyasa don kalubalantar abin da yake ganin na mulkin kama karya ne da gwamnatin ’yan asalin Arewa ta yi. Ya shirya kai wa masu mulki ciki har da sarakuna, wadanda galibi Fulani ne. Ƙarfin dandali ya ƙarfafa wani bangare saboda tarihinsa. Mahaifinsa Alkali ne a Kano wanda ya fito daga zuriyar malaman addinin Musulunci, Aminu Kano kuma ya kawo ra’ayoyin Musulunci akan adalci a yakin neman zabensa a jamhuriya ta farko. Talakawa da dama a Kano sun yi jerin gwano suna bin saƙon sa, kuma matsayinsa na siyasa ya taso daga goyon bayan talakawan Kano da ƴan kasuwa masu ƙaura a arewa.[12] Daga baya da yawa daga cikin ’yan kasuwar sun yi wa ofishin NEPU aiki. Ya kuma nemi yin amfani da siyasa wajen samar da al’ummar Arewacin Najeriya mai adalci.

Wani babban ra’ayinsa a farkon jamhuriya ta farko shi ne wargajewar jam’iyyun da ke da kabilanci. Tunanin ya samu karbuwa sosai daga guraben tallafinsa na kananan ‘yan kasuwa da masu sana’a a garuruwan da ke kan hanyar dogo. Maza da mata galibinsu ƴan ƙaura ne masu neman damar kasuwanci kuma ba su da kamanceceniya da ƙabilanci da al’ummominsu. Ya kuma ba da shawarar tsarin kasafin kudi wanda ke goyon bayan biyan haraji ga masu hannu da shuni a yankin, kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan ‘yan siyasar Najeriya masu goyon bayan daidaito ga mata.

Mallam Aminu Kano babban dan siyasa ne a Arewacin Najeriya. Ya nuna alamar dimokuradiyya, karfafawa mata da ‘yancin fadin albarkacin baki. Filin jirgin sama, koleji da kuma babban titi shima sunansa a Kano. An mayar da gidansa da yake zaune kuma ya rasu aka binne shi zuwa Cibiyar Bincike da Horar da Dimokaradiyya da ke karkashin Jami’ar Bayero Kano.

Kalaman siyasar Malam Aminu Kano

1. Cewa halin da ake ciki na zamantakewar al’umma mai ban mamaki a halin yanzu a Arewacin Najeriya ba komai bane illa tsarin tsarin iyali na gwamnatocin da ake kira ‘yan asalin jihar a cikin tsarin mulkin kama-karya na yanzu. ‘2. Wanda a dalilin wannan rashin mutunci da muguwar tsarin Mulki na masu Mulkin Iyali, a yau a cikin Al’ummarmu akwai gaba da muradun muradun da ke bayyana a matsayin gwagwarmayar aji, tsakanin ‘ya’yan mugunyar da’irar Mulkin Qasa a gefe guda da kuma talakawa “talakawa” a daya. ‘3. Cewa za a iya kawar da wannan gaba ta hanyar ‘yantar da ‘yan ta’adda daga mamayar wadannan hanyoyin, ta hanyar gyara cibiyoyin siyasa masu cin gashin kansu a halin yanzu zuwa cibiyoyin Dimokuradiyya da kuma sanya mulkin dimokuradiyya a hannun ‘Yan Talakawa’ su kadai. suna wanzuwa. ‘4. Dukkanin jam’iyyu ba komai ba ne face bayyana muradun al’umma, kuma kasancewar maslahar talakawa (masu zaman kansu) ta sabawa maslahar kowane bangare na masu fada aji, jam’iyyar da ke neman ‘yantar da talakawa dole ne a dabi’ance ta yi kiyayya ga jam’iyyar. azzalumai”. Magana: Uwechue, Raph (1991). Masu yin Afirka ta zamani (ed na biyu). Ƙasar Ingila: Africa Books Limited. shafi na 323-324. ISBN 0903274183. “Shafin Magana akan Tarayyar Najeriya”. NigeriaInfonet.com. KEK Technology Inc. An adana daga asali akan 2007-07-28. An dawo 2007-05-17. Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates, Henry Louis (2012). Kamus na Tarihin Rayuwar Afirka. New York: Jami’ar Oxford Press, Inc. p. 289. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5. Dudley, B. J. (2012). Jam’iyyu da Siyasa a Arewacin Najeriya. Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Gidajen Gida p. 107. ISBN 978-1-136-96182-3. Awa, Eme O. (1964). Gwamnatin Tarayya a Najeriya. Berkeley da Los Angeles: Jami’ar California Press. p. 99. Rosalynde Ainslie, Catherine Hoskyns, Ronald Segal, Siyasar Afirka: Wanene Na Mutum da Jam’iyyu. Frederick A. Praeger, 1961. shafi na 122. Falola, Toyin; Genova, Ann; Heaton, Matiyu M. (2018). Kamus na Tarihi na Najeriya, Bugu na Biyu. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-5381-1314-1.
   “Tunawa da Mallam Aminu Kano Daga Maijama’a Sule Tankarkar – Premium Times Nigeria”. 2012-05-18. An dawo da 2020-05-29. K. W. J. Post; Zaɓen Tarayyar Najeriya na 1959: Siyasa da Gudanarwa a Tsarin Siyasa Mai Ci Gaban Jami’ar Oxford, 1963. p 73
   Ainslie p 123 Ergun Ozbudun, Myron Weiner; Zaɓen Gasa a Ƙasashe Masu tasowa, Jami’ar Duke Press, 1987. p 211-214
   M. G. Smith; Gwamnati a Kano, 1350-1950, Westview Press, 1997. p 492-493.