Tarihin Isma’il Haniyeh, Shugaban Siyasar Kungiyar Hamas

An kashe shugaban siyasar Hamas Ismail Haniyeh a Tehran babban birnin kasar Iran.

Haniyeh, mai shekaru 62, ya halarci bikin rantsar da sabon zababben shugaban kasar Iran Masoud Pezeshkian a ranar Talata jim kadan kafin a kashe shi.

Ga abin da muka sani game da shi da rayuwarsa:

An haife shi a shekara ta 1962 a sansanin ‘yan gudun hijira na Shati da ke Gaza, iyayen Haniyeh sun gudu daga Asqalan – wani birni a yanzu da ake kira Ashkelon – bayan da aka kafa kasar Isra’ila a shekara ta 1948. Haniyeh ya yi karatun sakandare a cibiyar al-Azhar da ke Gaza kuma daga bisani ya yi karatun manyan makarantu. Ya samu digiri a fannin adabin Larabci a Jami’ar Musulunci da ke Gaza.

Yayin da yake jami’a a shekarar 1983, Haniyeh ya shiga kungiyar dalibai ta Islama, wadda ta kasance farkon kungiyar Hamas.

Sojojin Isra’ila sun kama shi, kuma ya yi shari’a da dama a gidajen yarin Isra’ila a shekarun 1980.

Isra’ila ta daure Haniyeh na tsawon kwanaki 18 yana da shekaru 25 a duniya, lokacin da ya shiga zanga-zangar adawa da mamayar. Bayan shekara guda, a 1988, an sake daure shi na tsawon watanni shida. Ya sake shafe shekaru uku a gidan yari a shekarar 1989.

Shekarar da ya kammala karatu, wato 1987, ita ce farkon fara boren Falasdinawa na farko na adawa da mamayar Isra’ila, wanda aka fi sani da Intifada ta farko, da kuma kafa kungiyar Hamas.

Bayan sakinsa, Isra’ila ta tasa keyar Haniyeh zuwa kudancin Lebanon tare da daruruwan mutane na sauran shugabannin Falasdinawa da masu fafutuka, inda ya shafe shekara guda. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta sami labaran da ba a taɓa gani ba a kafofin watsa labarai, wanda ya kafa suna a duniya.

Bayan rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Oslo tsakanin Isra’ila da kungiyar ‘yantar da Falasdinu, Haniyeh ya koma Gaza a shekara ta 1993, yana da shekaru 31, sannan aka nada shi shugaban jami’ar Musulunci.

Haniyeh ya hau matsayi a cikin harkar a matsayin na kut-da-kut kuma mataimaki ga wanda ya kafa kungiyar Hamas, marigayi Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.

Ba a yi nasara ba a 2003 yunƙurin kisan Isra’ila

A cikin 2001, yayin da Intifada ta biyu ta barke, Haniyeh ya karfafa matsayinsa na daya daga cikin shugabannin siyasar Hamas, tare da Yassin da Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi, wadanda ke cikin wadanda suka kafa Hamas.

A shekara ta 2003, Haniyeh da Yassin sun tsere daga wani yunƙurin kisan gilla lokacin da jiragen Isra’ila suka kai hari a wani katafaren gida a cikin garin Gaza inda mutanen biyu ke ganawa. Watanni shida kacal bayan haka, Yassin, wanda ke da rauni, jirage masu saukar ungulu na Isra’ila sun kai masa hari tare da kashe shi a lokacin da yake fitowa daga masallaci bayan sallar asuba.

A shekara ta 2006, yana da shekaru 44, Haniyeh ya jagoranci Hamas zuwa ga nasara a zaben ‘yan majalisa kan kungiyar Fatah, wadda ta shafe fiye da shekaru goma tana mulki.

“Kada ku ji tsoro,” Haniyeh ya shaida wa BBC a cikin 2006. “Hamas kungiya ce ta Falasdinu, kungiya ce mai sanin ya kamata, kuma tsayayya, wacce ke a fili a fagen siyasa a fagen Falasdinu, da kuma yankinta na Larabawa da Musulunci, da makamancin haka. bude ga fage na kasa da kasa.”

Ko da yake ya yi aiki a takaice a matsayin Firayim Minista na Hukumar Falasdinu (PA) a cikin 2006, Yamma – wadanda taimakonsu ke da matukar muhimmanci ga aikin PA – sun ki yin aiki tare da Hamas. Haka kuma Fatah da Hamas ba da jimawa ba sun shiga tsaka mai wuya a fadan da ya kai ga wargaza gwamnatin hadin kan su a shekara ta 2007.

Shugaban jam’iyyar PA, Mahmoud Abbas, ya kori Haniyeh a matsayin firaminista. Wannan ya kafa kafa gwamnati mai cin gashin kanta karkashin jagorancin Hamas a zirin Gaza – karkashin jagorancin Haniyeh. A martanin da ta mayar, Isra’ila ta sanya wani shinge a Gaza.

“Wannan kwace bai kamata ya karya nufin mu ba kuma bai kamata ya mayar da wannan rikici ya zama rikicin cikin gida na Falasdinu ba, kuma wannan rikici ya kamata ya kasance a kan bangarorin da suka kai wa al’ummar Palasdinu hari,” in ji Haniyeh.

A cikin 2018, Amurka karkashin Shugaba Donald Trump ta ayyana Haniyeh a matsayin “dan ta’adda”, tana mai cewa ya kasance “mai goyon bayan gwagwarmayar makamai, ciki har da fararen hula”. Shelar da ya sanya takunkumin tafiye-tafiye yadda ya kamata ga shugaban Hamas kuma yana nufin cewa duk wata kadarorin kudi na Amurka da ya samu an daskarar su.

A cikin gwagwarmayar Falasdinu, Haniyeh yana da sunan “mai amfani da fasaha” wanda ke da tashoshi masu budewa tare da bangarori daban-daban na gwagwarmayar ‘yanci.

Sauyi bayan barin Gaza a 2019

A cikin 2019, bayan da ya sauka daga kan mukamin shugaban Hamas a Gaza, Haniyeh ya bar yankin ya fara zama a kasashen waje, yana jagorantar kokarin diflomasiyya na kungiyar a matsayinsa na shugaban siyasa.

A ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2024, an kashe ‘ya’yansa uku – Hazem, Amir da Mohammad, tare da jikokinsa da dama a Gaza, a ci gaba da yakin.

“Ta hanyar jinin shahidai da radadin wadanda suka jikkata, muna samar da fata, muna samar da makoma, muna samar da ‘yancin kai da ‘yanci ga jama’ar mu da al’ummar mu,” in ji shi, ya kara da cewa kimanin mutane 60 na iyalansa, ciki har da ‘ya’yansa da jikoki, an kashe su tun farkon yakin.

“Babu shakka cewa wannan magabcin mai laifi (Isra’ila) tana da ruhin ramuwar gayya da ruhin kisan kai da zubar da jini, kuma bata kiyaye wata ka’ida ko doka,” in ji Haniyeh.